Saturday, December 28, 2019
Not Bad! French Negative Adverbs Say This and More
Making sentences negative in French is a bit different than in English, due to the two-part negative adverb and the sometimes difficult placement. Normally, ne...pas is the first negative adverb that we learn. But there are actually many negative adverbs constructed just like it, so once you understand ne... pas, you can make just about any sentence negative. Using Ne...Pas To make a sentence or question negative, place ne in front of the conjugated verb and pas (or one of the other negative adverbs) after it. Ne...pas translates roughly as not.   Je suis riche Je ne suis pas riche.   Im rich Im not rich.   Êtes-vous fatiguà ©Ã‚ ?  Nà ªtes-vous pas fatiguà ©Ã‚ ?   Are you tired?  Arent you tired?In compound verbs and dual-verb constructions, the negative adverbs surround the conjugated verb (except for nulle part, which follows the main verb).   Je nai pas à ©tudià ©.   I didnt study.   Nous naurions pas su.   We wouldnt have known.   Il ne sera pas arrivà ©.   He wont have arrived.   Tu navais pas parlà ©Ã‚ ?   You hadnt spoken?   Il ne veut pas skier.   He doesnt want to ski.   Je ne peux pas y aller.   I cant go there.When there is an indefinite article or partitive article in a negative construction, the article changes to de, meaning (not) any:   Jai une pomme Je nai pas de pomme.   I have an apple I dont have any apples. Using Ne and an Alternative to Pas Ne...pas is the most common French negative adverb, but there are a number of others that follow the same rules of grammar. ne...pas encore not yet Il nest pas encore arriv. He has not arrived yet. ne...pas toujours not always Je ne mange pas toujours ici. I dont always eat here. ne...pas du tout not at all Je naime pas du tout les pinards. I dont like spinach at all. ne...pas non plus neither, not either Je naime pas non plus les oignons. I dont like onions either. ne...aucunement not at all, in no way Il nest aucunement blmer. He is in no way to blame. ne...gure hardly, barely, scarcely Il ny a gure de monde. Theres hardly anyone there. ne...jamais never Nous ne voyageons jamais. We never travel. ne...nullement not at all Il ne veut nullement venir. He doesnt want to come at all. ne...nulle part nowhere Je ne lai trouv nulle part. I couldnt find it anywhere. ne...point not (formal/literary equivalent of ne...pas) Je ne te hais point. I dont hate you. ne...plus no more, not anymore Vous ny travaillez plus. You dont work there anymore. ne...que only Il ny a que deux chiens. There are only two dogs. Using Pas Without Ne The French negative adverb pas is often used together with ne, but pas can also be used all by itself for various reasons. Pas can be used without ne to negate an adjective, adverb, noun, or pronoun. But it can also be used to negate a verb. Note that this use of pas alone is somewhat informal. In most cases, you should be able to construct a sentence using ne...pas that means the same thing. Pas Adjective    Il doit à ªtre ravi ! Pas ravi, mais content, oui.  He must be delighted! Not delighted, but (yes, he is) happy.   Cest un homme pas sympathique.   Hes not a nice man.   Pas gentil, à §a.   Thats not nice.   Pas possible !   Thats not possible! Pas Adverb    Tu en veux ? Oui, mais pas beaucoup.  Do you want some? Yes, but not a lot.   Ça va ? Pas mal.  How are you? Not bad.   Pourquoi pas ?   Why not?   Pas comme à §a !   Not like that!   Pas si vite !   Not so fast!   Pas souvent, pas encore, pas trop   Not often; not yet; not too much Pas Noun    Elle vient mercredi ? Non, pas mercredi. Jeudi.  Is she coming on Wednesday? No, not Wednesday. Thursday.   Je veux deux bananes. Pas de bananes aujourdhui.  I want two bananas. No bananas today.   Pas de problà ¨me !   No problem! Pas Pronoun   Qui veut nous aider ? Pas moi !  Who wants to help us? Not me!   Tu as faim ? Pas du tout !   Are you hungry? Not at all!    Ah non, pas à §a !   Oh no, not that! Pas Verb   Je ne sais pas. Je sais pas. Or contractions that are even more colloquial such as:    Jsais pas, Sais pas, and even Chais pas.   I dont know. Pas can also be used to ask for confirmation:   Tu viens, ou pas ?   Are you coming or not?   Je laime bien, pas toi ?  I really like it, dont you?   Pas vrai ?   Right? or Isnt that true? Note: Pas can also be a noun meaning step, which is found in many French expressions.
Friday, December 20, 2019
Research On Single Sex Education - 5889 Words
Michal Adler Capstone- Maalot 2015 July 12, 2015 Education reform is a commonly debated topic nowadays in the United States due to the various immediate needs of improvement in the American public school system. These ideas include a common curriculum, higher academic standards and gender equity in schools. These different ideas are discussed to give parents more choices in their child’s education. Two fundamental reform ideas that are most commonly discussed are coeducation versus single sex education. This paper will explore the research behind single sex education versus coeducation, and how Jewish values relate to this research. The idea of educational reform is not a new concept in America. In the years following World War Two, the citizens of the United States were not strangers to poverty and low-levels of education as well as gender and racial discrimination in schools. One of the main focuses of the US legislative branch was to provide federal aid to resolve these major issues. In response to these con cerns, the US government decided to pass several laws to begin to equalize educational opportunities for all students no matter what their background was. (Office of Education (DHEW),1969). In 1965, President Lyndon Baines Johnson signed The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) which he believed would allow â€Å"full educational opportunities†to all students. The ESEA offered government aid in forms of scholarships to schools to help low-income students asShow MoreRelatedResearch On Single Sex Education5097 Words  | 21 Pages2015 Education reform is a widely debated topic nowadays in the United States due to the various immediate needs of improvement in the American public school system. These ideas include a common curriculum, higher academic standards and gender equity in schools. These different ideas are discussed to give parents more choices in their child’s education. One fundamental reform idea that is most commonly discussed is coeducation vs single sex education. This paper will explore the research behindRead MoreSingle Sex Education Research Paper721 Words  | 3 PagesDenisse Franco Mrs. Kirkpatrick English 4, Period 6 18, April 2017 Single-sex Education Research Paper Many Americans go back and forth about whether an all boys (girls) school is a good idea to enroll their kids in. Therefore, many people are not well informed of the benefits or disadvantage in this type of education system (single-sex). This type of education includes the children that attend single sex schools are often brighter than those who attend regular schools with both sexes. Also theyRead MoreSingle Sex Classes Should Not Be Incorporated Into Schools Essay1523 Words  | 7 PagesSingle-sex education consists of separating male and female students and teaching them in different schools or classes. Although controversial and often looked as antiquated, more Americans have been considering single-sex schools as a viable option since the early 2000’s. The reason? With various problems public school education faces, many parents have been looking at single-sex education as a potential solution to some of those problems. In addition, with the very convincing gender rhe toric thoseRead MoreThe Issue Of Public Single Sex Education Essay1407 Words  | 6 Pagespublic single-sex education has increased in the recent years as schools are piled with more pressure to increase their grades and keep teaching method fresh. It’s an old approach to the education but its gaining momentum in public schools as it has been the method in most private schools. According to the report by National Association for Single Sex Education, over two hundred public schools across the United States offer single-sex classrooms. Most public schools are venturing into single-sex educationRead MoreInfanticide And Single Sex Education1284 Words  | 6 PagesCoeducation and single-sex education are both extensively used around the world. By the 1980s, more and more schools which only severed male or female became coed. Even though, many parents still send their kids to only men school or only women school now days. Then why would some people choose a only men or only women school? Is it against the â€Å"gender equality†? In the early civilizations, education was informally and it was primarily households. As time passed, people began to get educated moreRead Moresingle sex schools838 Words  | 4 Pages Single-Sex Schools: More Beneficial than a Parent May Think Single-sex education, also known as single-gender education, is the practice of conducting education where male and females students attend separate classes or in separate buildings or schools. It has been a topic of debate especially for parents who have to think about where to send their children to school. There are many reasons and evidence to suggest that single sex schools are more beneficial. They provide studentsRead MoreSingle Sex Education Is Beneficial For Females Than Males Essay897 Words  | 4 Pagesschools so switching to single-sex education was rather different for me. Four years at Academy of the Holy Names prepared me to be successful in my future endeavors and also to be confident in who I am. Although research shows that single-sex education is beneficial for both sexes, it indicates that single-sex education is more advantageous for females than males. Research and statistics explain that there is a male dominance in co-education schools, and t hat single-sex education provides girls a betterRead MoreDania Jaser. Educational Psychology 2242. Kristen Kwasny.1734 Words  | 7 PagesEducational Psychology 2242 Kristen Kwasny 3 March 2017 Are Single-sex schools better? Recently single-sex schools have made a comeback, and this has raised the question of whether they are better than coeducational schools. In single-sex educational systems, male and female students are separated and taught in different school buildings or classrooms. In a historical point of view, only boys were given the opportunity to pursue formal education in the United States. Schools for women began to spreadRead MoreSingle Sex Education Is Overall More Effective For Most People1274 Words  | 6 PagesSingle sex education is overall more effective for most people. It helps with multiple aspects of a person s personality. This specific education helps students gain confidence, feel comfortable, and lets students be themselves. It’s no surprise that boys and girls were educated separately in the colonial times (Kennedy). During the 1960s and the 1970s, the number of single sex schools began to decrease. The main reason for this decrease was out of respect for women s rights and equalityRead MoreSingle-Sex Education and Co-ed Education Essay1059 Words  | 5 PagesSingle-Sex Education and Coed Education. The single-sex format creates opportunities that do not exist in the coed classroom. (Edison 1) Researchers are unaware that both genders brains function differently. This lack of knowledge may be why the real truth about single-sex education being more efficient than co-ed education has not been discovered. Some say single-sex education may be the key for a brighter generation. It shows to improve test score dramatically. The number of public schools experimenting
Thursday, December 12, 2019
The Japanese Business Etiquette-Samples for Students-Myassignment
Question: You are to prepare a formal analytical essay of strictly on Japanese Business Etiquette and steps that Emily can use to make a favourable first impression when she visits Japan to meet with Mr. Hamasaki. Answer: Emilys Meeting Difference in Culture, beliefs and business practices may make business between individuals from geographical regions that are very far apart quite difficult. Hence, Emilys penetration of the Japanese market will not be devoid of difficulties. She therefore needs to make a very good impression on her first meeting with the Japanese store owner. Apart from doing this, she needs to understand the nature of the Japanese market and know how to communicate effectively with her host and also her customers. Australia and Japan are continents apart and so she has to know what may be considered unpleasant in this continent as well as some of the things that appeal to the Japanese. An analysis of the Japanese business principles and etiquette hence can give some insight on how she should be able to meet her goal of reaping from condiments once in Japan. The Japanese bestow a lot of value to etiquette. It is not surprising that Japanese etiquette is one of the most searched term by those who tend to move to the country for business purpose (Dunn,2013). Lessons on manners form a concrete part of the kindergarten learning in which children are made to develop good behavioral traits. It is therefore important for foreigners to resonate with the Japanese manners when they interact with people from the country (Bardsley Miller,2011). One thing that is good however is the fact that they are lenient when dealing with visitors and as such tend to overlook some things that they may consider as lack of etiquette for those of their own (Vardaman Vardaman, 2011). Emily should therefore not put so much effort in trying to impress Hamasaki. During the first meeting, some of the common expressions of etiquette such as politeness and sensitivity should not be lacking in the conversation. Business meetings such as this one need to be attended while dressed formally (Okoro,2012). It won't be wrong if she adorns designer official business clothes since a good number of Japanese place value on class. Dressing alone will not ensure that the meeting is highly successful. Emily should understand that there are some Japanese traditions that may be overlooked but which may make a really big difference. Bowing, for example, before a handshake as a sign of respect is common among business people of this region and Emily needs to do this before she is offered a handshake. Chances are that after this is done she will be offered a seat for the conversation to begin. She should let her host sit first. After this, the discussion will begin. Emily should show that she is truly interested in learning from Mr. Hamasaki by jotting down some points as a sign that she takes what he says very seriously. A peculiar thing about the Japanese business persons is the value they place on business cards. Business cards are taken very seriously in Japan (Plive.co.ke, 2017). It is important that Emily walks with one. She needs to present this while holding it with both hands and bowing slightly. Similarly, she should show warmth when accepting that one which will definitely be offered by Hamasaki. Since there is so much value placed on these cards, Emily needs to try as much as possible not to flick or write on her card. This would be misinterpreted as a lack of respect for the host. Emily needs to know that this is one area that she may use to create the best impression on her business partner. She should immediately put the card she is given into her case in front of Mr. Hamasaki since in case she gets carried away by the conversation and forgets the card it may suggest that she did not find their discussion fruitful. Due to cultural difference communication between Emily and her business partner may be bumpy. An analysis of the country using Hofstede's model reveals quite a number of things. From the power distance dimension Japan has a score of about 54 per cent, that is it is just slightly above average (Franke, Hofstede Bond, 1991). This means that it is a hierarchical nation of which decision making may be quite slow since the top-ranking members of an organization have to be consulted. In contrast to other Asian countries this is quite low (Hofstede,1983). Emily needs to determine the position that Mr. Hamasaki holds in any organization that is associated with him. This way she can know what to say at any instant during their communication. If he is high ranking, it might be prudent to talk in such a way that it is evident she is aware of his class. A rating of 54 % in the power index means that in as much as it is a hierarchical country, it is also meritocratic. In case her meeting is succ essful, she should, however, expect to have a business in which there is wide consultation at each rank before a final decision is made. When it comes to the individualism index, Japan registers a score of roughly 46. This means that they are a society that is not driven by the collectivist ideals (Hamamura,2012). Japanese people are paternal and people do not maintain very close links with their extended families. Due to this, they tend to express a high degree of loyalty to their affiliate company. One thing that should be noticed is that generally, Japanese business people make decisions after consideration of a groups collective thought as opposed to individual opinions. This country may be viewed as quite collective by the Western standards whereas, by the Asian standards, it displays a high degree of individualism (Yamawaki, 2012). Emily should, therefore, expect to be talking to an individual thinker and that in case he business picks up with a good number of local employees she may get loyal employees. On the masculinity index, Japan ranks very highly (Hofstede, 2011). This is mainly because they are quite competitive. It is not easy for a lady to rise to the highest ranks in most companies (Takahashi,2012). The Japanese expression of masculinity is in their workaholic nature, something that is instilled in them while still young. Emily needs to understand that the chances that her host may be a machismo are high. She should therefore not try to appear too headstrong as this may be misinterpreted. She, however, needs to exude a lot of confidence and speak her mind without any fear. On the real of uncertainty avoidance index, the Japanese people rank highly. This is mainly because they live in a country that is faced with a lot of events that cannot be easily predicted (Hofstede, 2011). Notably, Japan is one of the countries that are faced with natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis not forgetting volcanoes. The people here in a bid to survive these calamities have learned to always be prepared for such calamities. Japan has one of the most prepared people with a lot of feasibility studies being undertaken before they can engage in projects that may result in widespread losses or casualty in case of failure. Their engineers are for example known for designing buildings and machines that are able to cater for a wide range of factors (Kitagawa,2016). This is the reason why most of their projects never fail to impress. Emily should take this uncertainty index into consideration as she talks with Mr. Hamasaki about her project. She should try as much as possible not to sound doubtful lest she will be misinterpreted as being unsure of what she wants. Unquestionably, if she expresses a lot of doubt in the success of her business when it comes to penetrating the Japanese market, Mr. Hamasaki may not give her the best advice and aid to achieve her goals. On the indulgence index, generally, the Japanese people ranks very low. This is usually around 42. This low score may be an indication that the chances that an average Japanese is pessimistic are quite high (Bebenroth, 2015).They also have a high propensity to cynicism. As such, most of them generally show some level of restraint, that is they do not readily indulge in social and leisure activities. She should take this into consideration while addressing her partner. She should not try to get too personal and ask too personal questions since the probability that this may make Hamasaki uncomfortable is quite high. After the meeting, Emily still needs to show etiquette. Just as was done in the beginning she should bow as a sign of respect if she realizes that the conversation is not wrapped up by a handshake. Japanese people generally use this gesture more than the formal handshake. In addition, she needs to make sure that she does not overlook the common practices that show ones commitment to the business deal such as arriving about fifteen minutes before the scheduled time for the meeting. She also needs to make a call around one hour before the time for the meeting takes place to confirm whether the firm owner Mr. Hamasaki will be available since there are chances that he may find get an emergency commitment somewhere else. She should also schedule a similar meeting with other Japanese business persons to get a broader perspective of what happens in Japan. References Bardsley, J., Miller, L. (Eds.). (2011).Manners and Mischief: gender, power, and etiquette in Japan. Univ of California Press. Bebenroth, R. (2015). Cultural Concepts. InInternational Business Mergers and Acquisitions in Japan(pp. 203-216). Springer Japan. Dunn, C. D. (2013). Speaking politely, kindly, and beautifully: Ideologies of politeness in Japanese business etiquette training. Franke, R. H., Hofstede, G., Bond, M. H. (1991). Cultural roots of economic performance: A research notea.Strategic management journal,12(S1), 165-173. Hamamura, T. (2012). Are cultures becoming individualistic? A cross-temporal comparison of individualismcollectivism in the United States and Japan.Personality and Social Psychology Review,16(1), 3-24. Hofstede, G. (1983). National cultures in four dimensions: A research-based theory of cultural differences among nations.International Studies of Management Organization,13(1-2), 46-74. Hofstede, G. (2011). Dimensionalizing cultures: The Hofstede model in context.Online readings in psychology and culture,2(1), 8. Kitagawa, K. (2016). Disaster preparedness, adaptive politics and lifelong learning: a case of Japan.International Journal of Lifelong Education,35(6), 629-647. Okoro, E. (2012). Cross-cultural etiquette and communication in global business: Toward a strategic framework for managing corporate expansion.International journal of business and management,7(16), 130. Plive.co.ke. (2017).I forgot one thing on my trip to Japan and now I have to apologize to every person I meet. [online] Available at: https://www.plive.co.ke/bi/strategy/i-forgot-one-thing-on-my-trip-to-japan-and-now-i-have-to-apologize-to-every-person-i-meet-id6069020.html [Accessed 8 Aug. 2017]. Takahashi, K. (2012).Language learning, gender and desire: Japanese women on the move(Vol. 16). Multilingual Matters. Vardaman, J. M., Vardaman, M. (2011).Japanese Etiquette Today: A Guide to Business Social Customs. Tuttle Publishing. Yamawaki, N. (2012). Within-culture variations of collectivism in Japan.Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology,43(8), 1191-1204.
Wednesday, December 4, 2019
Social Media in Emergency Communication
Question: Discuss about the Social Media in Emergency Communication. Answer: Introduction: We often ignore the power of Social media by labeling it as only a means of socializing. However, in last few years, the popular social networking sites have changed our views. In 2010 and 2011, the devastating event of flood in Victoria can be recalled in this regard. People used the social media to obtain and share information about the flood. Most significantly, The Victoria State Emergency Service (VICSES) also used the social media to share information with the communities in the flood-affected areas. The emergency communication system is organized to support one or two way communication of emergency messages. Emergency notification system is a collection of systems that facilitate broadcast of information to groups of people regarding an emergency. The social media is now being the most useful system in this regard. Even in the absence of mobile services they are disseminating emergency messages to the highest number of people. In the past few years, Facebook and Twitter have shared a significant contribution in emergency communication and disaster response. In the case of flood in Victoria, the social networks, open blogs etc. were used in reaching the people in need, making the public are and last but not the least, organizing the volunteers and the responsible organizations. Organizations like Red Cross have personnel to receive social media messages from the people who need help. The Director of Social Strategies for the Red Cross has once mentioned that during the flood in 2011, people across America altered Red Cross of their needs via Facebook and the organization has connected to thousands of relief seekers via Twitter. On the other hand, many researches following the event of Victoria flood, have explored that people used the Facebook pages to collect information about the wellbeing of their near and dear ones. Moreover, in many cases, people came to know about the event through the Facebook pages and group invitations. In the case of Hurricane Sandy in 2013, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) mentioned that people sent about 20 million Sandy-related Twitter posts regardless the failure of cell phone networks during the storm. Moreover, the FEMA itself has used twitter in its rescue efforts. The eminent utility company PSEG said that they used Twitter to make their customers alert about the storm. Thus, the social networking sites have proved their utility in the case of lost mobile services and other networking methods. As the governmental and credible media sources, need to verify news or information before disseminating to the community, it requires more time than the social media sources. In the context of emergency communication, time is the most important issue. Hence, these social sites have a fundamental advantage in this regard. The ease of using these sites during an emergency is also making it hugely acceptable even to the governmental organizations. Moreover, its affordability and multiple communication paths is continuously making it relevant in the emergency communication services. From addressing the people in need to make the public aware, the social networking sites are doing a commendable job and thus altering the trend of disaster response and emergency communication.
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